Diabetes
Medical nutrition therapy for diabetes management and prevention of complications.
Diabetes mellitus, both type 1 and type 2, requires comprehensive nutritional management to achieve glycemic targets, prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications, and support overall metabolic health. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a cornerstone of diabetes management, working synergistically with medication, physical activity, and glucose monitoring to optimize outcomes. For individuals with prediabetes, evidence-based dietary interventions can significantly reduce progression to type 2 diabetes.
Clinical Focus
1
Achieving glycemic targets (A1C <7% or individualized goals) through carbohydrate counting, glycemic index management, and meal timing strategies.
2
Addressing insulin resistance through weight management, physical activity support, and dietary pattern optimization.
3
Preventing and managing diabetes complications through blood pressure and lipid management, renal protection strategies, and comprehensive metabolic support.
4
Coordinating nutrition therapy with medication timing, particularly for insulin and glucose-lowering medications.
Key Points
Individualized carbohydrate intake (typically 45-60g per meal for adults) with emphasis on whole grains, legumes, and fiber-rich sources.
Consistent carbohydrate intake and meal timing to support medication efficacy and prevent hypoglycemia.
Mediterranean or DASH dietary patterns shown to improve insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors.
Macronutrient distribution optimizing protein intake (15-20% calories) and healthy fats while managing carbohydrates based on individual response.