High Cholesterol
Therapeutic nutrition interventions for dyslipidemia management.
Dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, or elevated triglycerides, is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a first-line intervention that can achieve significant lipid modifications, either independently or in conjunction with lipid-lowering medications, depending on individual risk stratification and lipid panel results.
Clinical Focus
1
Implementing dietary modifications to reduce LDL cholesterol by 10-20% through fat quality and quantity adjustments.
2
Optimizing HDL cholesterol through dietary patterns and lifestyle factors.
3
Managing triglyceride levels through carbohydrate modification and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation when indicated.
4
Monitoring lipid response and adjusting therapeutic diet plans based on follow-up laboratory values.
Key Points
Soluble fiber intake of 5-10g per meal from sources such as oats, barley, legumes, and psyllium.
Saturated fat restriction to <7% of total calories, replacing with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats.
Elimination of trans fats and reduction of dietary cholesterol to <200mg/day.
Plant sterols/stanols (2g/day) and omega-3 fatty acids (EPA+DHA 1-4g/day) for additional lipid modification.