Hypertension
Medical nutrition therapy for blood pressure management and cardiovascular risk reduction.
Hypertension (elevated blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg) is a primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney disease. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern and sodium restriction are evidence-based first-line interventions that can achieve significant blood pressure reductions, either independently or as adjunctive therapy to antihypertensive medications.
Clinical Focus
1
Implementing DASH dietary pattern emphasizing fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy to achieve BP reductions of 5-11 mmHg systolic.
2
Sodium restriction to <2,300mg/day (or <1,500mg/day for enhanced effect) through dietary modification and processed food reduction.
3
Optimizing potassium, magnesium, and calcium intake through food-based sources to support blood pressure regulation.
4
Addressing modifiable risk factors including weight management, alcohol moderation, and physical activity integration.
Key Points
DASH dietary pattern: 8-10 servings fruits/vegetables daily, whole grains, lean proteins, and limited saturated fats.
Sodium reduction through elimination of processed foods and implementation of cooking techniques using herbs, spices, and flavor enhancers.
Potassium intake of 4,700mg/day from dietary sources such as leafy greens, potatoes, bananas, and legumes.
Weight reduction of 5-10% body weight can achieve 5-20 mmHg systolic blood pressure reduction.